What are the four classifications of congenital heart defects

Tetralogy of Fallot.Transposition of the great vessels.Pulmonary atresia.Total anomalous pulmonary venous return.Truncus arteriosus.Hypoplastic left heart syndrome.Tricuspid valve abnormalities.

How many types of congenital heart disease are there?

18 Types of Congenital Heart Defects.

What are congenital heart defects?

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are conditions that are present at birth and can affect the structure of a baby’s heart and the way it works. They are the most common type of birth defect. As medical care and treatment have advanced, infants with congenital heart defects are living longer and healthier lives.

What are the most common congenital heart defects?

Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot is a relatively common congenital heart disease. …
Transposition of the Great Arteries. …
Atrial Septal Defect. …
Ventricular Septal Defect. …
Ebstein Anomaly. …
Pulmonary Stenosis. …
Single Ventricle Defects and the Fontan Procedure. …
For Pediatric Patients.

What are the 4 defects found in tetralogy of Fallot?

Tetralogy of Fallot is a combination of four congenital heart defects. The four defects are a ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis, a misplaced aorta and a thickened right ventricular wall (right ventricular hypertrophy). They usually result in a lack of oxygen-rich blood reaching the body.

What are types of congenital heart disease and define each?

Atrial Septal Defect.
Atrioventricular Septal Defect.
Coarctation of the Aorta*
Double-outlet Right Ventricle*
d-Transposition of the Great Arteries*
Ebstein Anomaly*
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome*
Interrupted Aortic Arch*

Is Avsd cyanotic or Acyanotic?

Infants with complete atrioventricular septal defect often have a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes (cyanosis) due to insufficient oxygen supply to these tissues.

What is Fallot Pentalogy?

Pentalogy of Fallot (POF) is a variant of the more common Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), including pulmonary stenosis (PS), a ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and an overriding aorta with the addition of an atrial septal defect (ASD), and there is no epidemiological report.

What is the most common congenital Acyanotic cardiac defect?

The most common acyanotic lesions are ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, atrioventricular canal, pulmonary stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, aortic stenosis and coarctation of the aorta. Congestive heart failure is the primary concern in infants with acyanotic lesions.

What is cyanotic heart defect?

Cyanotic heart disease refers to a group of many different heart defects that are present at birth (congenital). They result in a low blood oxygen level. Cyanosis refers to a bluish color of the skin and mucous membranes.

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Is TOF life threatening?

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect that can be fatal if it’s left untreated. It’s also known as “tet.” The “tetra” in the name of the condition comes from the four problems associated with it. The condition is named after Dr. Etienne Fallot.

Is AVSD the same as ASD?

Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), also referred to as endocardial cushion defects, consists of three defects in the heart: An atrial septal defect (ASD), a hole in the “wall” (septum) of the heart that separates the two upper chambers (the atria).

What is ostium secundum?

An ostium secundum ASD is a hole in the center of the atrial septum. Normally, the right side of the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, while the left side pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body. An ASD allows blood from both sides to mix, causing the heart to work less efficiently.

What is incomplete AVSD?

A partial or incomplete AVSD occurs when the heart has some, but not all of the defects of a complete AVSD. There is usually a hole in the atrial wall or in the ventricular wall near the center of the heart.

Is congenital heart disease the same as congenital heart defect?

Congenital heart disease is one or more problems with the heart’s structure that exist since birth. Congenital means that you’re born with the defect. Congenital heart disease, also called congenital heart defect, can change the way blood flows through your heart.

Why is Tetralogy of Fallot cyanotic?

The cause of cyanosis is a lower than normal blood oxygen level. Patients with tetralogy of Fallot are at risk for cyanosis because the narrowing of blood flow to the lungs in combination with a VSD or hole allows blood in many instances to bypass the lungs and go directly up to the body.

Which one of the following is the most common congenital heart defect to cause an initial left-to-right shunt?

Atrial septal defects, atrio-ventricular septal defects, ventricular septal defects and the persistent arterial duct are the most common congenital heart defects which may cause, in the presence of a significant left-to-right shunt, chronic volume overload of the heart and lead to the development of pulmonary arterial …

What is pink Tetralogy Fallot?

Pink tetralogy of Fallot refers to a tetralogy of Fallot in which the degree of right ventricular outflow obstruction is minimal, resulting no significant right to left shunt, and therefore no cyanosis. Symptoms are mild and presentation may be delayed, even into adulthood.

What is Coeur en Sabot?

Cœur en sabot, (French for “clog-shaped heart”), is a radiological sign seen most commonly in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot, a cyanotic congenital heart disease. It is a radiological term to describe the following findings in the x-ray: The cardiac size is normal or mildly enlarged.

What is a trilogy with 5?

A pentalogy (from Greek πεντα- penta-, “five” and -λογία -logia, “discourse”) is a compound literary or narrative work that is explicitly divided into five parts.

What are the different types of cyanotic heart disease?

Aortic valve stenosis. Aortic valve stenosis is a serious type of congenital heart defect. …
Coarctation of the aorta. …
Ebstein’s anomaly. …
Patent ductus arteriosus. …
Pulmonary valve stenosis. …
Septal defects. …
Single ventricle defects. …
Tetralogy of Fallot.

Is Tetralogy of Fallot Acyanotic or cyanotic?

Classically, TOF is a cyanotic heart defect but type II TOF, or acyanotic (pink) TOF is characterized by mild to moderate PS and small to moderate VSD leading to left-to-right (L-R) shunt (7).

What happens after tetralogy of Fallot surgery?

Most children who have had a tetralogy of Fallot surgical repair will live healthy lives. Activity levels, appetite and growth will eventually return to normal in most children. Your child’s cardiologist may recommend that antibiotics be given to prevent bacterial endocarditis after discharge from the hospital.

What surgery fixes tetralogy of Fallot?

Surgery for tetralogy of Fallot involves open-heart surgery to correct the defects (intracardiac repair) or a temporary procedure that uses a shunt. Most babies and older children have intracardiac repair.

Can tetralogy of Fallot fix itself?

TOF is repaired through open-heart surgery soon after birth or later in infancy. Some infants need more than one heart surgery. Most babies who are treated do very well, but will need regular follow-up visits with a heart specialist.

Is AVSD the same as VSD?

Intermediateor transitional AVSDs have both an ASD just above and a VSD just below the AV valves but have two distinct left and right AV valve orifices. As many as 50-75% of patients with complete AVSD have Down syndrome, and AVSD is the most common congenital heart defect in Down syndrome.

What is the difference between VSD and AVSD?

In AV septal defect: There is a hole in the wall between the right and left atria (atrial septal defect, ASD). There is a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles (ventricular septal defect, VSD).

Do all babies with AVSD have Down syndrome?

ATRIOVENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT (AVSD) AVSD is the most frequently diagnosed congenital heart condition in children with Down syndrome. Various studies place the incidence rate between 30 and 47 percent of CHDs in children with Down syndrome, according to the book Advances in Research on Down Syndrome.

Where is the foramen ovale located in the fetal heart?

The foramen ovale (fuh-RAY-men oh-VAL-ee) is a normal opening between the upper two chambers (the right atrium and left atrium) of an unborn baby’s heart.

Is ostium secundum the foramen ovale?

The foramen secundum, or ostium secundum is a foramen in the septum primum, a precursor to the interatrial septum of the human heart. It is not the same as the foramen ovale, which is an opening in the septum secundum.