Hazardous Drug: Defined by the American Society of Health System Pharmacists in 1990 as being a drug which displays one or more of the following characteristics: genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity or fertility impairment, or serious organ or other toxic manifestation at low doses in experimental animals or …
What are the three risk groups for hazardous drugs quizlet?
Hazardous drugs include drugs that are: teratogenic, carcinogenic, genotoxic (damage the DNA and can cause cancer), have reproductive toxicity, and cause organ toxicity at low doses.
What is a hazardous drug NIOSH?
The definition was modified from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists definition of a hazardous drug. The NIOSH criteria include : carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, organ toxicity at low doses, and drugs that mimic existing drugs in structure or toxicity.
What is a Group 2 hazardous drug?
• Group 2: Non-antineoplastic drugs that meet. one or more of the NIOSH criteria for a. hazardous drug. • Group 3: Drugs that primarily pose a. reproductive risk to men and women who are.Why are some drugs hazardous?
Drugs are classified as hazardous when they possess any one of the following six charac- teristics (ASHP, 1990, 2006; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [NIOSH], 2004). Genotoxicity, or the ability to cause a change or mutation in genetic material; a mutagen.
What are the antineoplastic drugs?
Antineoplastic drugs are medications used to treat cancer. Antineoplastic drugs are also called anticancer, chemotherapy, chemo, cytotoxic, or hazardous drugs. These drugs come in many forms. Some are liquids that are injected into the patient and some are pills that patients take.
Is warfarin a hazardous drug?
* Warfarin is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, DOT, NIOSH, DEP, IRIS and EPA. * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List because it is a TERATOGEN.
Are antineoplastic drugs hazardous?
Antineoplastic drugs, also known as chemotherapy, cytotoxic and oncology drugs, are used to treat cancer, as well as arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other non-cancer medical conditions. Most antineoplastic drugs are classified by NIOSH as hazardous drugs.What are non antineoplastic drugs?
Examples of non- antineoplastic HDs are mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, conjugated estrogens, and ganciclovir (NIOSH, 2016). Group 3: Drugs that primarily pose a reproductive risk to men and women. This group includes alitreti- noin, fluconazole, oxytocin, and others.
Why is Aldactone a hazardous drug?Material may be irritating to the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. May cause eye, skin, or respiratory system irritation. Suspected of causing cancer.
Article first time published onWhy is Depakote a hazardous drug?
Depakote side effects include damage to the liver and pancreas. In 2006, the FDA required that the drug’s label feature a black-box warning indicating an increased risk of pancreatitis and liver failure. Evidence suggests that hepatotoxicity most typically occurs within the patient’s first six months taking Depakote.
Is Methotrexate a hazardous drug?
Methotrexate can pose a health hazard to caregivers. All caregivers should take safety precautions while giving this drug. For 48 hours after this drug is given, the patient’s body fluids can contain the drug.
Is risperidone a hazardous drug?
NIOSH has determined it is unlikely that risperidone (Risperidal®) poses a carcinogenic, reproductive, or developmental hazard to workers in a healthcare setting and is no longer considered a hazardous drug by NIOSH.
Is spironolactone a hazardous drug?
DrugAHFS ClassificationSpironolactone24:32.20 mineralocorticoid receptor antagonistsAHFS, American Hospital Formulary Service; MRHD, maximum recommended human dose. a Drugs meet one or more criteria for a hazardous drug and also pose a potential reproductive hazard.
Is rituximab a hazardous drug?
Reviewing the literature, CDC and NIOSH guidelines revealed that Rituximab is not considered a hazardous drug and has no adverse health effects through eye, skin, or mucous membrane contact (Genentech, 2011).
Is multaq a hazardous drug?
[12-19-2011] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has completed a safety review of the heart drug Multaq (dronedarone). This review showed that Multaq increased the risk of serious cardiovascular events, including death, when used by patients in permanent atrial fibrillation (AF).
What is the highest risk of exposure to hazardous drugs?
The highest risk of exposure occurs during the preparation of hazardous drugs because the drugs are at their most concentrated state at that time. Engineering controls, such as the proper use of BSCs, are the most effective means of reducing employee exposure.
Is rifampin a hazardous drug?
Acute Toxicity: Oral, Category 4 Skin Corrosion/Irritation, Category 2 Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation, Category 2A Specific Target Organ Toxicity (single exposure), Category 3 2.1 Classification of the Substance or Mixture: H302: Harmful if swallowed. H315: Causes skin irritation.
Is diazepam a hazardous drug?
to relieve anxiety and provide sedation. Diazepam is a Schedule IV controlled substance. In the workplace, this product should be considered a flammable liquid, potentially irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract, a potential occupational reproductive hazard, and a potent drug.
Why is tacrolimus hazardous?
Tacrolimus can cause fetal harm. PROGRAF capsules should not be opened or crushed. Wearing disposable gloves is recommended during dilution of the injection or when preparing the oral suspension in the hospital and when wiping any spills.
What is a cytotoxic effect?
The term cytotoxic refers to the ability of a substance to cause damage to cells. The term genotoxic refers to the ability of a substance to directly damage DNA in cells. When DNA is damaged, it may or may not die.
What type of drug is Keytruda?
Keytruda may block PD-1 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody and a type of immune checkpoint inhibitor. Also called pembrolizumab.
What are the classification of anticancer drugs?
The antineoplastic agents are not easily classified. Historically, they are categorized as (1) alkylating agents, (2) antimetabolites, (3) natural products, (4) hormones and antagonists, and (5) miscellaneous.
Is Phenobarbital a hazardous drug?
May cause eye, skin, or respiratory system irritation. Suspected of causing cancer. Toxic if inhaled, swallowed, or in contact with skin.
Is lisinopril a hazardous drug?
A contraindication is any condition that makes lisinopril too hazardous to take, so the drug will never be used in a person with a contraindication.
Why is carbamazepine a hazardous drug?
Carbamazepine may cause life-threatening allergic reactions called Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). These allergic reactions may cause severe damage to the skin and internal organs.
Is Temazepam a hazardous drug?
Non-antineoplastic drugs that primarily have adverse reproductive effects: The new drugs in this category include clomiphene, eslicarbazepine, lomitapide, macitentan, pamidronate, pasireotide, peginesatide, riociguat, and temazepam.
Are all chemo drugs hazardous?
Chemotherapy drugs are considered to be hazardous to people who handle them or come into contact with them. For patients, this means the drugs are strong enough to damage or kill cancer cells. But this also means the drugs can be a concern for others who might be exposed to them.
What PPE is used for chemo?
PPE includes gloves, gowns, goggles for eye protection, a full face shield for head protection, and respiratory barrier protection. Regular exam gloves are not recommended for use as standard protocol for handling chemotherapeutic agents.
Why is Paxil hazardous?
On December 8, 2005, the FDA alerted health care professionals and patients about preliminary test results of studies for Paxil (paroxetine) suggesting that the drug increases the risk for birth defects, particularly heart defects, when women take Paxil during the first trimester.
Why Spironolactone and furosemide are prescribed together?
Furosemide only is a bad choice. Combination therapy is faster but more likely to have lab abnormalities that need to be monitored (azotemia, hyponatremia) Spironolactone first is slightly slower, but gentler in terms of side effects and works just as well as combination therapy.
